The book "Polarization – societal – global – ecological" focuses on different manifestations of polarization. They arise between:
- abundance and hungerr
- wealth and poverty
- sufficient and no longer sufficient resources like raw materials, energy, and environment.
Before considering central concepts of polarization, a first stage of the development of polarization must be explained. It is characterized, among other things, by the fact that people often receive different incomes. This creates an incentive for people with lower incomes to earn higher incomes. As a result, the real economy can experience growth.
Furthermore, different variations of polarization are shown as well as polarization with its relations to other terms.
Societal polarization is characterized by the fact that incomes and wealth of parts of the population drift so far apart that mal- nutrition and abundance or poverty and wealth can arise. Such a development is driven by excessive asymmetric and thus also percental distribution of growth gains. This development is driven by excessive asymmetric and thus also percental distribution of growth gains.
Global polarization is evident between countries Excessive differences in the trade balances cause, among other things the differences between the countries.
Ecological polarization can be seen between the times of still sufficient or already too low resource reserves of raw materials, energy, and environment.
are approaches that, within democratic states, focus on the real economic satisfaction of the people involved and on securing their future through sustainability. The following approaches are intended to reduce polarization: Limiting existential differences, recycling, providing renewable energy and environmental protection.
Polarization and its relationship to resource reserves: Many people who receive low compensation for their products or low incomes tend to remain poor. Thus, they can do little to diminish the resource reserves. For the richer people, resources then last longer. These people benefit from polarization.
and its relationship to authoritarian leadership: Some states move toward authoritarian leadership when there is polarization between the poorer and the richer parts of the population. This can happen as follows: When negative polarization effects occur among the poorer people, the beneficiaries logically try to ensure stability with the help of authoritarian leadership.
Polarization-reducing activities often do not sufficiently take place in the context of polarization. This is because many rich states can cast out the consequences of polarization such as hunger and poverty, which they have contributed to, with the help of oceans, fences and walls and thus, directly combatting polarization is partly unnecessary for them. Furthermore, rich countries benefit from the poverty of other countries because the latter can consume relatively few resources and thus the resource consumption horizon of rich countries is enlarged.
The climate and oceans occupy a special position because the consequences of their consumption and pollution largely ignore borders. In this context, environmental degradation may continuously take place, accompanied by economic, technical and militant constellations.
The book illuminates polarizing influences, their consequences, and possible ways to mitigate them.